CITY OF MEDFORD vs. METROPOLITAN DISTRICT COMMISSION. CITY OF MALDEN vs. SAME.

LUMMUS, J. The defendants, constituting the metropolitan district commission, have the care of a boulevard laid out under G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 92, Sections 35-37, called the Fellsway, which runs through the plaintiff cities. The bills allege that the defendants are cutting down shade trees in the boulevard, and pray for an injunction restraining further cutting. Demurrers for want of equity were sustained, and the cases were reported.

A boulevard, unlike a roadway in a "reservation" under G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 92, Section 33, is a public way. Burke v. Metropolitan District Commission, 262 Mass. 70, 72, 73. It is not a State highway (G.L. [Ter. Ed.] c. 81, Sections 4-22), the removal of shade trees from which is entrusted to the department of public works. G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 81, Section 21; c. 87, Sections 2, 8. Trees on a boulevard are, however, public shade trees within G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 87, Section 1, for the boulevard is a public way. Public shade trees, that is, trees within a public way (other than a State highway) or on its boundaries, may generally be removed only by the tree warden, and not by him without a public hearing, and not by him without approval by the selectmen or mayor if written objection has been made. G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 87, Sections 3, 4, 5. Graham v. Board of Public Works of Pittsfield, 285 Mass. 544. In cities other officers may be charged with the duties of tree wardens. Section 13.

No statute expressly gives powers over trees on boulevards, as a statute does over trees on State highways. The plaintiffs contend that tree wardens and other town and city officers may exercise their statutory powers over boulevards, as over ordinary highways and town ways. But reading G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 92, Sections 35, 33 together, it is clear that the preservation and care of boulevards is committed to the metropolitan district commission, to the exclusion

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of cities and towns. By Section 35 the commission shall "have such rights and powers in regard to . . . [boulevards] as, in general, counties, cities and towns have over public ways under their control." It is true that local officers, rather than cities and towns as such, have control of public shade trees. Donohue v. Newburyport, 211 Mass. 561, 565, 566. Valvoline Oil Co. v. Winthrop, 235 Mass. 515. But we are inclined to think that, after the care of a boulevard has been vested in the commission, it was not the legislative intention that the removal of trees should be within the control of city or town officers. We think that the removal of trees on a boulevard is within the control of the commission, and that the provisions of G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 87, do not apply.

The particular allegations in the bills do not show a right to relief in equity at the suit of these plaintiffs. If, as is alleged, the removal of the trees constituted a public nuisance, the proper plaintiff is the attorney general. Mayor of Cambridge v. Dean, 300 Mass. 174. The allegation that the work is being conducted in such a manner as to make the city liable to travellers (Needham v. New York & New England Railroad, 152 Mass. 61), is not well founded in law, for by G.L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 92, Section 36, the Commonwealth, not the city or town, is liable for injuries to travellers through defects in boulevards. If the improbable allegation that the trees are the property of the city (G.L. [Ter. Ed.] c. 87, Section 1; Chase v. Lowell, 149 Mass. 85; Whiting v. Board of Public Works of Holyoke, 222 Mass. 22; Cody v. North Adams, 265 Mass. 65) is in fact true, it does not appear that the defendants have not the right to remove them. The naked allegation of arbitrary and irrational conduct and had faith is insufficient. Dealtry v. Selectmen of Watertown, 279 Mass. 22, 27. In each case the entry will be

Decree sustaining demurrer affirmed.

Bill dismissed.