DOMENIC T. SCANO, petitioner.

WILKINS, C.J. This is a petition, brought purportedly pursuant to G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 231, Section 117, to establish exceptions alleged to have been taken in an action of tort in which the petitioner was the plaintiff and the respondent New England Theatres, Inc., was the defendant. The action was for personal injuries received in a fall on premises of the defendant. After a trial without jury the judge made

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a finding for the plaintiff and assessed damages in the sum of $1,800. The plaintiff filed (1) a motion for a new trial on the ground that the damages were inadequate and (2) requests for rulings relating to that motion. After hearing, the motion was denied. No action was taken with respect to the requests, which are to be treated as denied. Mitchell v. Silverstein, 323 Mass. 239, 240-241. The plaintiff excepted, and filed a bill of exceptions, which was disallowed "for the reason that the denial of the plaintiff's motion for a new trial involved no opinion, ruling, direction or judgment of law."

The respondent contends that G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 231, Section 117, [Note 1] provides a remedy only where the exceptions are disallowed for the reason that they do not conform to the truth. We think, however, that the language of the section, which is the only statute relating to the subject, is broad enough to cover any case where a bill of exceptions is disallowed irrespective of the precise form of the words used by the judge in disallowing it. See C. F. Hovey Co., petitioner, 254 Mass. 551, 553-554. Otherwise there might be a grievance without a remedy. We are sure that the Legislature did not so intend.

While as a general rule no inquiry into the merits of a bill of exceptions is open upon a petition to establish them, the petition may be dismissed if it is obvious that there is nothing in the exceptions if proved. Fitch v. Jefferson, 175 Mass. 56, 57. Bishop, petitioner, 208 Mass. 405, 407. Koch, petitioner, 225 Mass. 148, 150. Commonwealth v. Vallarelli, 273 Mass. 240, 247. Graustein, petitioner, 305 Mass. 571.

Here there is no substantial question of law. The statute relating to motions for a new trial in actions tried without

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jury gives but two grounds for filing such motions as of right: mistake of law and newly discovered evidence. G. L. (Ter. Ed.) c. 231, Section 129. By implication, therefore, that the finding is against the evidence or the weight of the evidence is not a ground. O'Grady v. Supple, 148 Mass. 522, 523. Menici v. Orton Crane & Shovel Co. 285 Mass. 499, 502. Nerbonne v. New England S.S. Co. 288 Mass. 508, 510. In principle, excessive or inadequate damages constitute one form of a finding contrary to the weight of the evidence. "In this court as an appellate tribunal an award of damages must stand unless to make it or to permit it to stand was an abuse of discretion on the part of the court below, amounting to an error of law." Bartley v. Phillips, 317 Mass. 35, 43. There was no error of law arising for the first time in the hearing of the motion for a new trial. Cerrato v. Miller, 264 Mass. 533. Murnane v. MacDonald, 294 Mass. 372, 373. Palma v. Racz, 302 Mass. 249, 250-251. Kinnear v. General Mills, Inc. 308 Mass. 344, 349. Hartmann v. Boston Herald-Traveler Corp. 323 Mass. 56, 60-61. Mitchell v. Silverstein, 323 Mass. 239, 241-242. Moran v. Pieroni, Inc. 326 Mass. 516, 517. Statkus v. Metropolitan Transit Authy. 335 Mass. 172, 174-175. The damages which had been found were substantial and not nominal. There had been no evidence binding upon the defendant which required a finding in an amount greater than $1,800.

The trial judge's statement accompanying the disallowance of the bill was sufficiently accurate where no special circumstances appeared. See Perry v. Manufacturers Natl. Bank, 315 Mass. 653, 656.

We have not found it necessary to consider the question of the remedy expressly left open in Bartley v. Phillips, 317 Mass. 35, 39-40, "where a party is surprised by an outrageous award of damages in an action tried without jury."

Petition dismissed.