SHOPPER'S PACKAGE STORE, INC. vs. SOLOMON SANDLER & another.

CUTTER, J. Shopper's Package Store, Inc. (Store), brings this bill against Solomon and Dorothy Sandler. The original bill alleged that the Sandlers (former stockholders, officers, and directors of Store) had refused to turn over to Store its books and records, and had misappropriated, while stockholders, Store's funds for their personal use. The Sandlers had owned all the stock in Store and had held the offices of president, treasurer, clerk, and directors until January 18, 1965. Then they transferred their stock and resigned their positions. Store prayed that the Sandlers be directed to turn over the books and records and sought damages.

The Sandlers' answer, inter alia, (1) denied that they had misappropriated any funds of Store, and (2) stated that Store's accountant had examined all the books and records. They also alleged that they had made a written agreement with Double "S" Realty Co., Inc. (Double "S") by which they sold to Double "S" their shares of Store, and that Store and Double "S" by another agreement had undertaken to give to the Sandlers a general release (with certain exceptions), which Store and Double "S" had refused to execute

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and deliver. The Sandlers asked specific enforcement of this release agreement.

Thereafter Store was allowed to amend its bill to allege a written settlement dated March 28, 1967, signed by counsel for all parties, which provided (a) that the Sandlers would pay $2,250 to Store, would execute and deliver to Store and Double "S" a general release, and would turn over to Store's treasurer certain books and records; (b) that Store would give the Sandlers a general release from Store and also one from Double "S"; and (c) that the bill would be dismissed with prejudice.

The Sandlers filed a demurrer to the amended bill on the grounds (1) that the bill was multifarious in joining "several distinct and independent matters," and (2) that necessary parties had not been joined. [Note 1] This demurrer was sustained "as to [the] amended bill of complaint only." On Store's motion, however, this decree was vacated, and a new decree was entered also sustaining the demurrer, but with leave to amend. No further amendment by Store appears in the record. By final decree the bill was dismissed. Store appealed.

1. The demurrer to the amended bill does not assert that the bill states no basis for relief in equity. If the bill is not multifarious and if there was no lack of necessary parties, the demurrer should have been overruled. See Attorney Gen. v. Trustees of Boston Elev. Ry. 319 Mass. 642, 671.

There is no inflexible rule by which it may be determined whether a bill is multifarious. The question must be determined in the light of the particular circumstances (see Bliss v. Parks, 175 Mass. 539, 543; cf. Farquhar v. New England Trust Co. 261 Mass. 209, 216), as a matter of "the practical wisdom of the court, which must consider whether the bill raises issues too diverse and complex to be dealt with in a single proceeding efficiently and with fairness to the defendants." See Peterson v. Hopson, 306 Mass. 597, 610.

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We think that the several issues raised by the amended bill are so closely related as to require a holding that the bill is not multifarious. The settlement agreement mentioned in the amended bill, of course, does present a new issue concerning the authority of the signer of the agreement for the Sandlers. Issues concerning that agreement, however, deal with the same general situation as do the issues alleged in Store's original bill, and involve the same parties. The settlement agreement, in fact, purports to resolve the original case. We have found bills not to be multifarious where they have presented issues or parties no more closely related. See, e.g., Ginn v. Almy, 212 Mass. 486, 493-494; Wilson v. Jennings, 344 Mass. 608, 621. Where all the matters in controversy are among the same parties, relate to the same transaction, and can be conveniently settled in one suit, the bill in equity in which they are joined is not multifarious. See Holmes v. Welch, 314 Mass. 106, 111-112. Compare Laverty v. Associated Gas & Elec. Sec. Co. Inc. 300 Mass. 79, 82. Compare the issues concerning amendments considered in McDade v. Moynihan, 330 Mass. 437, 443-446.

2. The demurrer cannot be sustained because of an alleged lack of necessary parties. The Sandlers did not indicate in their demurrer the identity of the absent necessary party and the reason for joining it. [Note 2] It does not now appear on the face of the amended bill that any necessary party was not joined, or that there is reason for joining Double "S" as a plaintiff. See Boston Water Power Co. v. Boston & Worcester R.R. 16 Pick. 512, 527-528; White v. Curtis, 2 Gray, 467, 472-473. See also Grise v. Rieutord, 305 Mass. 61, 64. Compare Mann v. Bailen, 293 Mass. 507, 512-513. If the settlement agreement is held to be valid, there will be no need to direct Double "S" to do anything, for it is Store which promised, in the settlement memorandum, to deliver the release executed by Double "S."

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3. The interlocutory and final decrees are reversed. An interlocutory decree is to be entered overruling the defendants' demurrer to the amended bill.

So ordered.